Why does one person do well on a medication while another has significant side effects or needs a very different dose? Part of the answer may lie in genetics. Pharmacogenomic testing uses a simple cheek swab to examine genetic variations that influence how the body processes certain medications, helping explain how quickly or slowly someone metabolizes a given drug. Dr. Rao is registered to order testing through GeneSight and Genomind, and charges no additional fee for collecting the sample or reviewing results with patients. Genetic testing doesn't guarantee which medication will work, nor does it replace a careful evaluation — it's one more piece of information considered alongside diagnosis, prior medication response, side effects, and clinical judgment. Cost and coverage vary by plan; the testing companies provide details directly, and Dr. Rao receives no compensation for ordering these tests.